PREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS B AND THE CONCENTRATION OF HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIBODY IN THE PATIENT VISITED NATIONAL HOSPITAL FOR TROPICAL DISEASES

Abstract

Background: Hepatitis B virus infection is currently a major health burden, especially in developing countries. The World Health Organization estimates that 296 million people are living with chronic hepatitis B, with 1.5 million new infections each year, of which 90% are undiagnosed and only about 2% of people
are infected. Hepatitis B is treated with antiviral drugs. Achieving the goal of eliminating viral hepatitis by 2030 requires significantly increasing screening tests to find infected people and determining HBs antibody levels for vaccination is essential.
Objectives: Determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and the concentration of hepatitis B surface antibody (Anti-HBs/HBsAb) in patients visiting National Hospital for Tropical Diseases.
Methods and participants: Cross-sectional study on 576 patients examined at the National Hospital of Tropical Diseases from August 1, 2023 to August 31, 2023.
Results: Male accounted for 52.9%, average age: 38.24 ± 18.0 (years old). There were 62 patients infected with HBsAg (+) virus, accounting for 10.8%. The prevalence of HBV infection by age group of patients in the study was highest in the age group 60-86 years old at 16.1%, followed by the 16 - 39 year
old group at 11.8%, the lowest was in the younger group. 16 years old 6.0%. The proportion of HBsAg (+) in men is 12.5% and in women was 9.3%. The proportion of people with anti-HBs (+) or anti-HBs concentration > 10mUI/l is 47%; 53.1% of patients had anti-HBs (-) or anti-HBs concentration < 10mUI/
ml. The positive percentage of Anti-HBs in men is 47.1% and in women is 46.8%, the overall rate was 47%. The difference is not statistically significant. The highest proportion of Anti-HBs in the group of aged 60 - 86 is 52.6%, followed by the group under 40-59 years old accounting for 47.5%, the lowest in the group under 16 years old was 44.3%. The difference is statistically significant with p < 0.05.
Conclusion: The prevalence of Hepatitis B infection in patients visiting the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases was 10.8%. Hepatitis B vaccination is an effective method to prevent Hepatitis B virus infection.