ĐẶC ĐIỂM DỊCH TỄ HỌC LÂM SÀNG VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN TỚI VIÊM TIỂU PHẾ QUẢN MỨC ĐỘ NẶNG Ở TRẺ EM NHIỄM VI RÚT HỢP BÀO HÔ HẤP TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI TRUNG ƯƠNG

Abstract

Objectives: To describe clinical epidemiological characteristics and some factors related to severe bronchiolitis in children infected to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) at the National Children's Hospital.
Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study, including 344 bronchiolitis patients infected with RSV, including 121 children in the mild - moderate group, 223 children in the severe group treated at the Respiratory Center of the National Children's Hospital.
Results: Among 344 children with bronchiolitis infected with RSV, 86.3% were children under 12 months, the group of children under 3 months accounted for the highest rate was 42.7%, the ratio of boys : girls was 2.01/1, the number of sick children increases in the summer months. Clinical manifestations such
as cough and wheezing are the most common symptoms of bronchiolitis. Signs such as rapid breathing, chest indrawing or changes in consciousness (excitability or lethargy) were common in the severe group, with a high rate. Age less than 6 months, premature birth, birth weight less than 1500 grams, comorbidities are factors related to the severity of bronchiolitis.
Conclusions: Bronchiolitis with RSV infection in children has had epidemiological changes after COVID-19 when the epidemic broke out in the summer months, the disease was more common in boys than girls, mainly in children under 12 months old. The most common symptoms are cough, wheezing and shortness of breath. In particular, the severe form shows more severe shortness of breath, signs of exertion and affects the child's mental state such as irritability or lethargy. The factors that have been shown to be associated with severe condition are less than 6 months, premature birth, birth weight less than 1500 grams, children with underlying diseases.