KHẢO SÁT ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG Ở BỆNH NHÂN ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG TÝP 2 CÓ BỆNH THẬN MẠN TÍNH TẠI BỆNH VIỆN BỆNH NỘI TIẾT TRUNG ƯƠNG

Abstract

Objectives: Investigate the clinical and subclinical characteristics of type 2 diabetes patients with chronic kidney disease and determine the correlation between the risk of chronic kidney disease and blood glucose control, specifically HbA1C.

Methods: Conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study on 220 outpatient type 2 diabetes patients at the National Hospital of Endocrinology. Conveniently sampled and divided into three groups: N1 (41 patients without chronic kidney disease), N2 (64 patients with stage 1 and 2 chronic kidney disease), and N3 (115 patients with stage 3, 4, 5 chronic kidney disease). All subjects underwent examination and testing at the time of medical examination.

Result and conclusions: Age and gender: Predominantly found in individuals over 50 years old, constituting 91.3% in both groups with and without chronic kidney disease. Females accounted for 51.8%, males 48.2%. Hypertension prevalence: 79.3% in the group with chronic kidney disease. Predominant in those over 50 years old (91.3%), males (48.2%), and females (51.8%). Hypertension prevalence in the study group was 73.2%, with the chronic kidney disease subgroup having a prevalence of 79.3%. Blood glucose control: 46.8% achieved fasting blood glucose control, and 55.8% achieved HbA1c control. Chronic kidney disease stages 3, 4, 5 prevalence: 29%, 17.8%, 17.3%, respectively. Risk of albuminuria in type 2 diabetes patients with hypertension increased 4.4 times compared to those without hypertension (OR: 4.4, 95% CI: 2.2 - 9.1, p = 0.001). Type 2 diabetes patients with uncontrolled fasting blood glucose (glucose ≥ 7 mmol/L) had a 4.4 times higher risk of chronic kidney disease with glomerular filtration rate (GFR) < 60 ml/min compared to those with controlled fasting blood glucose (OR: 4.4, 95% CI: 1.5 - 4.3, p = 0.001). Type 2 diabetes patients with uncontrolled HbA1c (HbA1C ≥ 7%) had a 2 times higher risk of chronic kidney disease with GFR < 60 ml/min compared to those with controlled HbA1c (OR: 2, 95% CI: 1.2 - 3.6, p = 0.001).