ĐÁNH GIÁ KIẾN THỨC, THỰC HÀNH VỀ PHÒNG CHỐNG SỐT XUẤT HUYẾT DENGUE THÔNG QUA TRƯỜNG HỌC TẠI HUYỆN LONG THÀNH, ĐỒNG NAI NĂM 2022 - 2023

Abstract

Introduction: The Southern region is an endemic area for dengue hemorrhagic fever outbreaks that occur year-round. Dong Nai province, specifically Long Thanh district, has a high incidence rate of DHF with over 504 cases per 100,000 people in the three-year period from 2018 to 2020, which is higher than the standard set by the Ministry of Health. Despite implementing various dengue fever prevention and control models through collaborations with volunteers, biological measures, and chemical spraying, the effectiveness has been low as the number of cases remains high. Therefore, it is necessary to design and implement a model through schools to increase effectiveness and sustainability.

Objectives: To assess knowledge and practices regarding DHF prevention and control among families both with and without school children after intervention.

Subjects and methods: A pre-post intervention controlled study was conducted from April 2022 to April 2023 in two communes: An Phuoc (intervention) and Long Thanh town (control), using a questionnaire for knowledge interviews and assessment of Dengue fever prevention and control practices through communication and participation in environmental sanitation and mosquito elimination at the household level.

Results: Prior to the intervention, the correct knowledge rate for dengue fever prevention and control in the intervention group was 59.02% and in the control group was 50.38%. The correct practice rates were 42.75% and 40.07%, respectively. After one year of intervention, the correct knowledge rate in the intervention group was 90.46%, while the correct practice rate was 84.73%, compared to the control group with rates of 67.56% and 61.07%, respectively. The rate of correct knowledge and practice after intervention in families with students is 95.24% and 95.23% compared to families without students with knowledge and practice at 86.03% and 75%.

Conclusions: After intervention, the correct knowledge rate regarding dengue fever prevention and control in the intervention group increased by 30.54%, and the effectiveness of the intervention was 16.86%. The correct practice rate increased by 41.98%, and the effectiveness of the intervention was 45.79%. The model, which includes communication activities for dengue fever prevention and control and involves teachers and students in mosquito elimination at the household level once every two weeks, is highly effective compared to models using collaborators, active chemical spraying, and fish release to eat mosquito larvae. This model can be extended to neighboring areas.